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钠离子电池正极材料聚阴离子型硫酸铁钠(Na_2Fe(SO4)2)具有理论容量高和结构稳定的优点，但较低的本征电子电导率限制了其电化学性能与规模化应用。为改善其导电性，提出通过引入高导电性的碳纳米管(CNTs)，构建三维连续导电网络，以提升材料的电化学性能。采用溶胶-凝胶法结合高温煅烧的两步合成策略制备纯相Na_2Fe(SO4)2。通过超声辅助液相混合及后续处理工艺，将CNTs均匀附着于Na_2Fe(SO4)2颗粒表面，形成Na_2Fe(SO4)2/CNTs复合材料。XRD分析表明复合材料仍保持纯相Na_2Fe(SO4)2结构，CNTs未改变其物相纯度。Na_2Fe(SO4)2/CNTs复合材料通过CNTs的引入，显著提升了电子传输能力和结构稳定性，通过循环后的SEM测试表明CNTs网络缓解充放电过程中的体积应力，从而维持了颗粒的完整性，并且大幅改善电化学性能。电导率测试显示复合材料电导率提升至10-3S/cm量级，较纯相材料提高了6个数量级。电化学测试表明，纯相材料初始放电比容量仅为67.06 m Ah/g，而复合材料首圈容量提升至78.73 m Ah/g，并表现出优异倍率性能(5 C下容量67.31 m Ah/g)和长循环稳定性(在2～4.5 V电压窗口循环100圈后容量保持率达78.7%)。
Abstract：Polyanionic sodium iron sulfate( Na2 Fe( SO4)2) cathode material for sodium-ion batteries offers advantages of high theoretical capacity and structural stability. However,its low intrinsic electronic conductivity limits both electrochemical performance and large-scale application. To enhance conductivity,we proposed constructing a three-dimensional continuous conductive network by incorporating highly conductive carbon nanotubes( CNTs),thereby improving the material's electrochemical performance. A two-step synthesis strategy combining sol-gel preparation with high-temperature calcination was employed to synthesize pure-phase Na2 Fe( SO4)2. Through ultrasonic-assisted liquid-phase mixing and subsequent processing,CNTs were uniformly attached to the surface of Na2 Fe( SO4)2 particles,forming Na2 Fe( SO4)2/CNTs composites. XRD analysis indicated that the composite material retained the pure-phase Na2 Fe( SO4)2 structure,with CNTs not altering its phase purity.The incorporation of CNTs into the Na2 Fe( SO4)2/CNTs composite significantly enhanced its electronic conductivity and structural stability.SEM analysis following cycling demonstrated that the CNTs network alleviated volumetric stress during charging and discharging,thereby preserving particle integrity and substantially improving electrochemical performance. Conductivity testing showed the composite material' s conductivity enhanced to the 10-3S/cm range,representing at least a six-order-of-magnitude improvement over the pure-phase material.Electrochemical testing revealed that the initial discharge specific capacity of the purephase material was only 67. 06 m Ah/g,whereas the composite material achieve a first-cycle capacity of 78. 73 m Ah/g,demonstrating excellent rate capability( 67. 31 m Ah/g at 5 C) and long-term cycling stability( 78. 7% capacity retention after100 cycles within the 2 ～ 4. 5 V voltage window).
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2026.0035
中图分类号:TB332;TM912
引用信息:
[1]斯庆苏都,刘德新,邓建学,等.碳纳米管增强纳米硫酸铁钠正极材料性能[J].化学试剂,2026,48(04):42-49.DOI:10.13822/j.cnki.hxsj.2026.0035.
基金信息:
硅碳负极粉体气固浮动床宏量制备关键技术与工业验证项目(Ordoslab-kjzc-202504); 流化床法宏量制备锂电池用磷酸铁锂技术及装备开发项目(or-doslabpt202501)
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